以下为面向“智能制造工艺工程师（2030年）”的前12项核心技能清单，聚焦“数字孪生与工业物联网集成、制造工艺优化”，并兼顾欧洲、日本、中国大陆的监管与市场环境。每项技能含简述、需求理由与优选学习资源。
参考文献（IEEE格式）
[1] ISO, “ISO 23247 — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing,” https://www.iso.org/standard/75066.html
[2] Plattform Industrie 4.0, “RAMI 4.0,” https://www.plattform-i40.de/EN/Thinking/Details/rami-40.html
[3] IDTA, “Asset Administration Shell,” https://industrialdigitaltwin.org/en/
[4] F. Tao et al., Digital Twin Driven Smart Manufacturing. Elsevier, 2019. https://www.elsevier.com/books/digital-twin-driven-smart-manufacturing/tao/9780128176306
[5] World Economic Forum, “Global Lighthouse Network,” https://www.weforum.org/projects/global-lighthouse-network/
[6] OPC Foundation, “OPC UA,” https://opcfoundation.org/about/opc-technologies/opc-ua/
[7] ISA, “ISA‑95/IEC 62264,” https://www.isa.org/isa95
[8] MTConnect Institute, “MTConnect,” https://www.mtconnect.org/
[9] OASIS, “MQTT,” https://mqtt.org/
[10] Catena‑X, “Catena‑X Automotive Network,” https://catena-x.net/en
[11] Apache Software Foundation, “Apache Kafka,” https://kafka.apache.org/
[12] Apache Software Foundation, “Apache Flink,” https://flink.apache.org/
[13] KubeEdge, “KubeEdge,” https://kubeedge.io/en/
[14] CNCF, “Kubernetes,” https://kubernetes.io/
[15] Inductive Automation, “Inductive University,” https://inductiveuniversity.com/
[16] E. F. Camacho, C. Bordons, Model Predictive Control. Springer, 2013. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781447123645
[17] L. T. Biegler, Nonlinear Programming. SIAM/Wiley, 2010. https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Nonlinear+Programming-p-9780898713070
[18] IEEE CSS, “IEEE Control Systems Magazine,” https://ieeecss.org/publications/csm
[19] Elsevier, “Computers & Chemical Engineering,” https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/computers-and-chemical-engineering
[20] DMSC, “QIF Standard,” https://qifstandards.org/
[21] NVIDIA, “Metropolis,” https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/metropolis/
[22] I. Goodfellow, Y. Bengio, A. Courville, Deep Learning. MIT Press, 2016. https://www.deeplearningbook.org/
[23] PLCopen, “IEC 61131‑3,” https://plcopen.org/
[24] Eclipse Foundation, “Eclipse 4diac (IEC 61499),” https://www.eclipse.org/4diac/
[25] PLCnext, “PLCnext Community,” https://www.plcnext-community.net/
[26] Inductive Automation, “Ignition,” https://inductiveautomation.com/ignition
[27] 3GPP, “Release 16,” https://www.3gpp.org/release-16
[28] 3GPP, “Release 17,” https://www.3gpp.org/release-17
[29] IEEE 802.1, “Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN),” https://1.ieee802.org/tsn/
[30] OPC Foundation, “OPC UA PubSub,” https://opcfoundation.org/developer-tools/specifications-unified-architecture/opc-ua-pubsub/
[31] 5G‑ACIA, “White Papers,” https://5g-acia.org/
[32] ISA, “ISA/IEC 62443 Series,” https://www.isa.org/standards-and-publications/isa-standards/isa-62443-series-of-standards
[33] ENISA, “NIS2,” https://www.enisa.europa.eu/topics/nis-directive
[34] European Commission, “Cyber Resilience Act,” https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cyber-resilience-act
[35] IPA (Japan), “Cyber/Physical Security Framework,” https://www.ipa.go.jp/security/cpsf/english.html
[36] CAICT, “Industrial Internet (site),” https://www.caict.ac.cn/
[37] EUR‑Lex, “Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 Machinery,” https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1230/oj
[38] ISO, “ISO 12100: Safety of machinery,” https://www.iso.org/standard/51528.html
[39] ISO, “ISO 13849‑1: Safety-related parts of control systems,” https://www.iso.org/standard/69883.html
[40] IEC, “IEC 62061,” https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/69052
[41] Pilz, “Standards knowledge,” https://www.pilz.com/en-INT/knowhow/law-standards/standards
[42] Coursera/DeepLearning.AI, “MLOps Specialization,” https://www.coursera.org/specializations/mlops
[43] C. Huyen, Designing Machine Learning Systems. O’Reilly, 2022. https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/designing-machine-learning/9781098107956/
[44] Google Cloud, “ML Ops Learning,” https://cloud.google.com/learn/training/data-ml
[45] Elsevier, “Computers in Industry (PdM),” https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/computers-in-industry
[46] AIAG, “AIAG‑VDA FMEA Handbook,” https://www.aiag.org/store/publications/details?ProductCode=FMEA-3
[47] AIAG, “APQP 2nd Edition,” https://www.aiag.org/store/publications/details?ProductCode=APQP-2
[48] IATF, “IATF 16949,” https://www.iatfglobaloversight.org/
[49] Prosci, “ADKAR,” https://www.prosci.com/methodology/adkar
[50] ISO, “ISO 50001,” https://www.iso.org/iso-50001-energy-management.html
[51] European Commission, “EU ETS,” https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets_en
[52] ASQ, “Certified Six Sigma Black Belt,” https://asq.org/cert/six-sigma-black-belt
[53] World Economic Forum, “Net‑Zero Industry Tracker,” https://www.weforum.org/projects/net-zero-industry-tracker
[54] EU, “AI Act portal (overview),” https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/
[55] European Commission, “Data Act,” https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/data-act
[56] Gaia‑X AISBL, “Gaia‑X,” https://gaia-x.eu/
[57] Catena‑X, “Compliance/Resources,” https://catena-x.net/en
说明
- 以上技能针对高级（5–10年）工艺工程角色在2030年的核心竞争力，强调可规模化落地与跨区域合规。
- 资源尽量选择官方标准、权威白皮书/报告、认证课程与一线实践案例，兼顾欧洲、日本与中国大陆的法规与生态。
